William M. Gray Torrence

Educator and War Hero: Colonel William Gray Torrence

Written by Erika Barrett

Early Life and Education

William Gray Torrence was born on September 1, 1821, in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania. Raised in a Presbyterian family, Torrence lost his mother at an early age and was nurtured by his sister, who provided him with maternal care. He pursued his early education in Pennsylvania, showing a keen interest in learning and leadership from a young age. In his early adulthood, Torrence moved to Kentucky, where he continued his education and began his career as a school teacher, demonstrating a strong commitment to education and community development.

Military Service in the Mexican-American War

Torrence's sense of duty led him to enlist during the Mexican-American War, where he served as a first lieutenant in the 1st Kentucky Mounted Volunteers. His performance in the Battle of Buena Vista was exemplary, earning him significant recognition. He was offered a commission in the regular army due to his commendable courage and leadership, but he chose to return to civilian life after the war, bringing with him valuable military experience and a reputation for bravery.

Settling in Keokuk and Civic Contributions

In 1847, Torrence relocated to Keokuk, Iowa, where he resumed his career in education and became the City Superintendent of Public Instruction. His dedication to improving the educational system in Keokuk had a lasting impact on the community. Torrence was known for his firm and unwavering devotion to principles, and his leadership in public instruction helped shape the educational landscape of Keokuk.

Civil War and Leadership

With the outbreak of the Civil War, Torrence's patriotism and leadership were once again called upon. He raised Company A of the 1st Iowa Cavalry and was commissioned as a major. His military career during the Civil War was marked by several notable achievements, including the defeat of rebel Colonel Poindexter at Silver Creek, Missouri. His success in Missouri earned him a reputation as a formidable military leader.

In May 1862, Torrence resigned his commission for reasons unknown but reenlisted later that year as the lieutenant colonel of the 30th Iowa Infantry. He played a crucial role in key battles, including the Battle of Arkansas Post and the Siege of Vicksburg. After Colonel Abbott's death, Torrence was promoted to colonel on May 29, 1863, and led his regiment through numerous campaigns. His leadership was particularly distinguished during the memorable charge against the enemy's works at Vicksburg.

Heroic Death

Colonel Torrence's life was tragically cut short on October 21, 1863, near Cherokee Station, Alabama. Mistaking a group of rebels dressed in Federal uniforms for friendly troops, he advanced to identify them and was ambushed. Torrence was shot through the breast and died almost instantly. His regiment recovered his body after a fierce charge that scattered the rebels.

The news of his death deeply affected the Keokuk community. "The painful and startling news...cast a gloom over our whole community, which tells more eloquently than words of the high and deserved estimation in which the fallen hero was held in the community" (The Gate City, October 28, 1863). His funeral was a significant event, with businesses closing and flags flying at half-mast. The procession was large and included military and civic leaders, highlighting the community's respect and mourning for their fallen hero.

Impact on Keokuk and Lee County

Colonel Torrence's legacy in Keokuk and the broader Lee County community is profound. As an educator, he played a key role in shaping the educational system in Keokuk. His military service, marked by bravery and leadership, had a significant impact during the Civil War. Torrence School in Keokuk is named in his honor, reflecting the lasting influence he had on the community. His dedication to both education and military service left an indelible mark on Keokuk and its residents.

Sources:

1. "The Funeral of Col. Torrence," The Gate City, November 4, 1863.

2. "The Death of Col. Torrence," The Gate City, October 28, 1863.

3. Addison A. Stuart, Iowa Colonels and Regiments (1865), pp. 461-466.